基于投入产出模型的港口经济贡献度研究

从经济社会发展以及资源利用角度,采用与国际接轨的理论方法、计算模型和指标体系对港口经济贡献进行系统研究。对港口相关经济活动进行广泛调研和科学识别,构建港口对地区经济贡献的评价指标体系,结合我国国情对国际通用的"投入产出模型"进行改进,摸索出适应我国经济发展特色和港口行业生产特点的港口经济贡献的测算方法,从而能够比较科学、全面、客观地衡量港口对城市和区域经济发展的贡献。     

公路投资对国民经济贡献的探讨

从研究乘数原理与投入产出原理对平衡经济的作用方式和作用结果入手,论证了这两个理论是从不同侧面对经济运动中同一个问题的揭示,因此在采用投入产出法计算出投资的影响后,再考虑乘数效应是不合适的。在这些研究的基础上,指出交通运输业增加投资对国民经济的贡献,是在乘数法的分析结果与投入产出法中不均衡投入的分析结果之间的一个范围,其实际影响接近于乘数法的分析结果。     

雪峰山公路隧道风机洞室围岩稳定性研究

雪峰山公路隧道中的通风洞室结构复杂，洞室断面跨度较大、间距较小，因此，设计与施工过程的围岩安全性与稳定性是工程设计施工的关键，有必要采取有效的数值计算方法和计算模型，对洞室群进行详细的数值模拟分析。在地应力反演结果的基础上，应用国际通用程序三维快速拉格朗日分析（FLAC-3D）对风机洞室在不同围岩力学参数下的力学行为进行数值模拟，得到了洞室围岩的应力、位移和破损区的分布规律，研究成果对工程具有重要的指导意义。     

拉格朗日法对溜管输送混凝土流变数学模型探讨

考虑溜管中混凝土重力与管壁的摩擦力，运用拉格朗日法建立了在重力作用下混凝土在软管溜筒中流变的数学模型，运用牛顿迭代求解，并将计算结果与输送情况作了比较。     

板梁偏心连接结构有限元分析

为了合理处理列车车体结构分析中典型的板梁偏心连接问题,分别基于罚单元法和La-grange乘子法构造了板梁组合结构模型,将组合结构中相关节点对之间通过偏心关系建立的约束方程引入到平衡方程中,解决了梁单元因偏心连接而对组合结构总体刚度矩阵的贡献问题,并编制了求解板梁组合结构静强度计算问题的有限元程序。实例计算表明不但两种计算方法的计算结果吻合,而且其计算结果均与有限元分析软件ANSYS 9.0计算结果接近,位移误差在1%以内,应力误差在2%以内,分析表明二者均是处理板梁偏心连接组合结构的有效方法。     

R~s空间中Lagrange插值问题研究

研究空间Rs中多项式空间中的Lagrange插值问题.给出了R1和R2上Lagrange插值多项式的构造,同时,给出了R2上插值问题的几个例子.另外,给出了矩形网点上的Lagrange插值多项式和三角形网点上的Lagrange插值多项式.讨论了Rs空间中的Lagrange插值多项式及其余项.     

广义凸集值映射优化问题的强有效解

在局部凸Hausdorff拓扑向量空间中,研究了集值优化问题的强有效解.首先,在广义锥次似凸集值映射下,获得了集值优化问题的强有效解的标量化的特性,最后,获得了带广义不等式约束集值优化问题的强有效解的La-grange型最优性条件.     

基于最优控制的双喷推无人艇路径跟踪方法

针对双喷推无人艇自主航行时的路径跟踪问题,采用最优控制的方法进行求解。根据双喷推无人艇的动力学特性建立双喷推无人艇三自由度运动方程,并由任务需求设定目标函数;在此基础上,根据航行实况建立约束条件,从而得到求解双喷推无人艇路径跟踪问题的数学模型。通过建立含有拉格朗日松弛项的哈密顿函数,将带有复杂约束的优化问题转化为无约束优化问题,采用粒子群优化算法求解最优拉格朗日乘子,并将其代入哈密顿函数;采用广义梯度下降法对数学模型进行求解,得到最优的喷泵电机转速,从而实现对双喷推无人艇的路径跟踪控制。设计实船试验验证方法的有效性,双喷推无人艇路径跟踪试验结果表明,双喷推无人艇实测的轨迹与设定轨迹的最大偏差不超过3m,该方法具有可行性和实用性。     

Dynamic user equilibrium with side constraints for a traffic network: Theoretical development and numerical solution algorithm

This paper investigates a traffic volume control scheme for a dynamic traffic network model which aims to ensure that traffic volumes on specified links do not exceed preferred levels. The problem is formulated as a dynamic user equilibrium problem with side constraints (DUE-SC) in which the side constraints represent the restrictions on the traffic volumes. Travelers choose their departure times and routes to minimize their generalized travel costs, which include early/late arrival penalties. An infinite-dimensional variational inequality (VI) is formulated to model the DUE-SC. Based on this VI formulation, we establish an existence result for the DUE-SC by showing that the VI admits at least one solution. To analyze the necessary condition for the DUE-SC, we restate the VI as an equivalent optimal control problem. The Lagrange multipliers associated with the side constraints as derived from the optimality condition of the DUE-SC provide the traffic volume control scheme. The control scheme can be interpreted as additional travel delays (either tolls or access delays) imposed upon drivers for using the controlled links. This additional delay term derived from the Lagrange multiplier is compared with its counterpart in a static user equilibrium assignment model. If the side constraint is chosen as the storage capacity of a link, the additional delay can be viewed as the effort needed to prevent the link from spillback. Under this circumstance, it is found that the flow is incompressible when the link traffic volume is equal to its storage capacity. An algorithm based on Euler’s discretization scheme and nonlinear programming is proposed to solve the DUE-SC. Numerical examples are presented to illustrate the mechanism of the proposed traffic volume control scheme.     

Study on road section environmental traffic capacity model and algorithm under double constraints

The coordinated development of city traffic and environment is a key research content in traffic field in twenty-first Century. Among them, road section environmental traffic capacity analysis is one of the important research issues. It can provide solid theoretical basis and reliable data support for road network traffic optimization control, road traffic pollution control and city traffic structure optimization. This paper analyzed main factors which impacted environmental traffic capacity from two aspects, including road capacity constraint conditions and road traffic pollution control constraint conditions. Then, road section environmental traffic capacity optimization model was established, and method of improved augmented Lagrange function was used to solve the model. Case study showed that, (1) The environmental traffic capacity optimal model and methodology were effective; (2) In order to ensure road section environmental traffic capacity greater than (or equal to) road capacity, some measures could be taken including adjusting motor vehicle type proportion as well as improving emission characteristics of motor vehicles exhausting pollutants.